How and Why Climate varies around the world?

Question

A map with labels may help.

Answer 1

Climate varies based on altitude and the surroundings, excessive water such as oceans, Gulf of Mexico, etc.



You can read more abut the climate and climatic divisions with the links I've provided below.

Answer 2

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Answer 3

The atmosphere is a marvel of a self-regulating phenomenon. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the troposphere (the lower part of the atmosphere). If the earth gets too cool, there are fewer clouds, and more radiation from the sun reaches the earth, and the surface of the earth warms. If the earth gets too warm, more clouds occur, and less radiation from the sun reaches the earth, and the surface of the earth cools. Additionally, if an area of the earth warms, the warm air rises, creating an atmospheric vacuum, and it pulls cool air from the arctic (or antarctic) into that vacuum and cools the surface of the earth, and the atmosphere. Even beyond the troposphere, stratospheric winds, and radiation, all affect the weather and subsequent surface temperatures of the earth.



The jet stream operates at between 20,000 and 40,000 feet altitude, and is about two miles thick. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the jet stream. The jet stream is two to four thousand miles in length, and affects weather in a variety of ways. There are actually several jet streams that function similarly around the globe. For example, if it moves south, it allows colder arctic air to move south also, if it moves north, it creates a high pressure area to its south and keeps colder air from moving south. Like the Gulf Stream, it is a huge mass of moving air that affects weather globally, and to date, no one has been able to predict the actions of the jet stream beyond a day or two.



Radiation from the sun is the biggest factor that effects weather. In it’s 100,000 year cycle through the Milky Way, the sun moves from a closer position to the sun, to a more distant position. At the earth’s more distant location, the earth experiences an ice age, and yes, those occur about every 100,000 years. Guess which end of the cycle the earth is at currently? That’s right, at it’s closest point, so temperatures are a bit higher. Over thousands to hundreds of thousands of years, changes in Earth's orbital parameters affect the amount and distribution of solar energy received by the Earth and influence long-term climate. And sunspots, which are also cyclical, dramatically affect earth’s weather, and temperatures. As sunspots increase, temperatures on the earth increase, when they decrease, earth’s temperatures also drop. Radiation from the sun is the single greatest, and by far most significant contributor to the earth’s weather, and global temperatures.



Volcanoes affect weather when they erupt by spewing millions of tons of ash and dust into the atmosphere. Winds aloft, including the jet stream, circulate these volcanic particles around the globe in a matter of days. These particles reflect and/or block the suns rays, causing the earth to cool. Large eruptions can affect global weather for several years, most last two to three years before the particles succumb to the pull of gravity, the effects of rain and barometric pressure changes, and fall back to earth. Temperatures then return to normal.



The oceans also affect the weather in a multitude of ways. If the water heats up sufficiently, it can cause such things as the El Nino effect. El Nino affects weather, not only in the eastern Pacific and the western U.S., but to a lesser degree, world wide. Warm, moist air moving over cooled land in coastal areas will cause fog to form, which reflects the suns radiation and cools the earth further. Clouds that form over the oceans and move over land will cause night time temperatures to be warmer than if the skies are clear. To a large degree, the oceans create the majority of the earth’s weather.



The Gulf Stream is a large mass of warm water originating in the Gulf of Mexico, that moves up the Atlantic coast of North America, across the North Atlantic, and past Iceland, England and Europe. The Gulf Stream influences the climate of the east coast of North America from Florida to Newfoundland, and the west coast of Europe. The climate of Western Europe and Northern Europe is warmer than it would otherwise be; and that this is due to the North Atlantic drift, one of the branches from the tail of the Gulf Stream. It’s likely that portions of Northern Europe would be uninhabitable were it not for the Gulf Stream, it simply tempers the natural coldness of Northern Europe. Iceland, England, Scandinavia, possibly Germany, Denmark and other areas of Europe would be unattractive to live in, and unproductive agriculturally without the effect of the Gulf Stream.



Inspite of what some global alarmists claim, CO2 does not affect weather, or even local or regional temperatures to any appreciable degree, and its affect cannot be separated from all the other gases in the atmosphere, including water vapor. All the atmospheric gases (including water vapor) act in concert, all have similar properties, but water vapor is by far the largest contributor to atmospheric temperature fluctuations, dwarfing the effect of

Answer 4

Research weather modification systems, HAARP.

Answer 5

Unlike the moon (no atmosphere and little spin relative to the sun) the earth has a relatively dense atmosphere and is 75% oceans that cycle in the sun once per day. This permits solar energy to be redistributed from the equator toward the poles by oceans of air and water. Climate differs in various locales because of their position in the redistribution system and whether they receive more or less solar energy than other locales. Because the axis of rotation of the earth points constantly toward the North Star while the earth orbits the sun the north and south poles alternate receiving more light from the sun which accounts for seasonal changes. Geography plays a role because tall mountains can block the flow of air, ringing out the moisture as the air rises up and over a mountain range producing a moisture poor desert in its lee.

Answer 6

The climate of a location is affected by its latitude, terrain, altitude, ice or snow cover, as well as nearby water bodies and their currents.



Latitude is the key factor. Typically, the coldest climate is at the poles, while the hottest is at the equator. Presence of nearby water provides for a milder, humid climate, while the abscence of water results in dry environment with extreme temperature changes.



There's more info and the maps in the link below.

Answer 7

You misinterpret climate with seasons. Climate does NOT vary as the season DO. Over time, at any given point, the climate on average is the SAME, from day to day, week to week, month to month, year to tear. People who say we are experiencing global warming point to this yearly data as proof of their assertion. HOWEVER, nothing to date has proven that this warming cycle we are currently in has anything to do with global warming from greenhouse gasses! The thing IS this: we do not have enough statistical data points to extrapolate in any accurate manner what the climate will be in 25 years, *the size of the window) If we are not prepared for the tipping point, we will ALL perish from a heat death caused by the sun.